13. Royal Bank Of Scotland

The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc is a British banking and insurance holding company, based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The group operates a wide variety of banking brands offering personal and business banking, private banking, insurance and corporate finance through its offices located in Europe, North America and Asia. In the UK and Ireland, its main subsidiary companies are The Royal Bank of Scotland, National Westminster Bank, Ulster Bank, Drummonds Bank, and Coutts. The group issues banknotes in Scotland and Northern Ireland and, as of 2014, The Royal Bank of Scotland is the only bank in the UK which is still printing the £1 notes.

Outside the UK, it owns Citizens Financial Group, the 8th largest bank in the United States, and from 2004 to 2009 it was the second largest shareholder in the Bank of China, itself the world's fifth largest bank by market capitalisation in February 2008.

Royal Bank of Scotland is a public limited company, its shares are trading on the London Stock Exchange and New York Stock Exchange. The bank provides financial services and is founded in 1727. The banks headquarter Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom and it provides its financial services to the whole world. The chairman of the bank is Sir Philip Hampton, and the group Chief Executive is Ross McEwan. The provides the following products and services to its customers: finance and insurance, corporate banking, consumer banking, investment banking, private banking, mortgages and credit card. The bank’s financials as of 2013 are: £19.787 billion revenue, £8.243 billion loss operating income, net income of £8.625 billion loss, total assets of £1,027.9 billion, £59.2 billion total equity. The major owner of the Royal Bank of Scotland Group is United Kingdom Financial Investment. The bank employs over 118,000 employees.

By 1969, economic conditions were becoming more difficult for the banking sector. In response, the National Commercial Bank of Scotland merged with the Royal Bank of Scotland. The resulting company had 662 branches. The merger resulted in a new holding company, National and Commercial Banking Group Ltd. The English and Welsh branches were reorganised, until 1985, as Williams & Glyn's Bank, while the Scottish branches all transferred to the Royal Bank name. The holding company was renamed The Royal Bank of Scotland Group in 1979.

The RBS Group uses branding developed for the Bank on its merger with the National Commercial Bank of Scotland in 1969.  The Group's logo takes the form of an abstract symbol of four inward-pointing arrows known as the "Daisy Wheel" and is based on an arrangement of 36 piles of coins in a 6 by 6 square, representing "the accumulation and concentration of wealth by the Group."

The first international office of the bank was opened in New York in 1960. Subsequent international banks were opened in Chicago, Los Angeles, Houston and Hong Kong. In 1988 the bank acquired Citizens Financial Group, a bank based in Rhode Island, United States. Since then, Citizens has acquired several other American banks and in 2004 acquired Charter One Bank to become the 8th largest bank in the United States.

The Royal Bank also opened offices in Europe and now has subsidiaries in: Austria, Switzerland, France, Italy, Germany, Greece, Spain, Portugal, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Romania and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. In the Asia-Pacific region, the bank has offices in: Australia, China, Hong Kong, India, Japan and Singapore.

On 27 February 2014 after reporting a 2013 loss of £9bn the bank announced it would scale back its international presence. "Let me spell it out very clearly: the days when RBS sought to be the biggest bank in the world, those days are well and truly over," Chief Executive Ross McEwan, who had been in charge of the bank for four months, said in unveiling plans to reduce costs by £5bn over four years. "Our ambition is to be a bank for U.K. customers," he added.